Reference Articles

Lauer SK, Aron DN, Evans MD:
"Finite element method evaluation: articulations and diagonals in an 8-pin type I-b fixator"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 29, Issue 1, Page 28-37
Lotsikas PJ, Radasch RM:
"A clinical evaluation of pancarpal arthrodesis in nine dogs using circular external skeletal fixation"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 35, Issue 5, Page 480-485
Rahal SC, Volpi RS, Renata CB, Vulcano LC:
"Use of the Llizarov method of distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of radial hemimelia in a dog"
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Volume 226, Number 1, Page 65-68
Zacharias JR, Lescun TB, Moore GE, Van Sickle DC:
"Comparison of Insertion Characteristics of Two Types of Hydroxyapatite Coated and Uncoated Positive Profile Transfixation Pins in the Third Metacarpal Bone of Horses"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 68, Number 11, Page 1160-1166
Biliouris TL, Schneider E, Rahn B, Gasser B, Perren S
"The effect of radial preload on the implant-bone interface: A cadaveric study"
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma. Volume 3, Issue 4, Page 323-332
Goett SG, Basinger RR, et al:
"Mechanical evaluation of an interlocking nail locked with conventional bolts or extended bolts connected with a type IA external skeletal fixator in a tibial fracture model"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 36, Issue 3, Page 279-286
Laverty PH, Johnson AJ, Toombs JP, Schaeffer DJ:
"Simple and multiple fractures of the radius treated with an external fixator. Comparison of healing of simple and multiple fractures of the radius treated with external skeletal fixation in dogs: 56 cases (1983-1999)"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 15, 2002, Page 97-103
Marcellin-Little DJ, Roe SC, Rovesti GL, Bosio A, Ferretti A:
"Are circular external fixators weakened by the use of hemispheric washers?"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 31, Issue 4, Page 367-374
Reaugh HF, Rochat MC, Bruce CW, Galloway DS, Payton ME:
"Stiffness of modified type 1a linear external skeletal fixators"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 20, Issue 4, Page 264-268
Zaruby JF, Hurtig MB, Finlay JB, Valliant AE:
"Studies on the external fixator pin-bone interface: The effect of the pin design and pin colling in an in vivo sheep tibia model"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 8, Page 20-31
Bronson DG, Ross JD, Toombs JP, Welch RD:
"Influence of the connecting rod on the biomechanical properties of five external skeletal fixation configurations"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 16, 2003, Page 82-87
Guerin SR, Lewis DD, Lanz OI, Stallings JT:
"Comminuted supracondylar humeral fractures repaired with a modified type I external skeletal fixator construct"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 39, Issue 11, Page 525-532
Leasure CS, Lewis DD, Sereda CW, Mattern KL, Jehn CT, Wheeler JL:
"Limited open reduction and stabilization of sacroiliac fracture-luxations using fluoroscopically assisted placement of a trans-iliosacral rod in five dogs"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 36, Issue 7, Page 633-643
McCartney WT, Carmichael S:
"Talar neck fractures in five cats"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 41, Issue 5, Page 204-206
Reems M, Pluhar E, Wheeler D:
"Ex vivo comparison of one versus two distal screws in 8mm model 11 interlocking nails used to stabilize canine distal femoral fractures"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 35, Number 2, Page 161-167
Clarke SP, Carmichael S:
"Treatment of distal diaphyseal fractures using hybrid external skeletal fixation in three dogs"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 47, Issue 2, Page 98-103
Halling KB, Lewis DD, Cross AR, Sammy RJ, Rapoff AJ:
"Biomechanical comparison of a circular external skeletal fixator construct to pin and tension band wire fixation for the stabilization of olecranon osteotomies in dogs: a cadaver study"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 32, Issue 4, Page 324-335
Lescun TB, Barno EA, Zacharias JR, Moore GE:
"Effect of sequential hole enlargement on cortical bone temperature during creation of a 6.2-mm transcortical hole in the equine third metacarpal bone diaphysis"
In: Proceedings of the 34th Annual Veterinary Orthopedic Society Conference 2007. Page 13
McClure S, Watkins JP, Ashman RB:
"In vitro comparison of the effect of parallel and divergent transfixation pins on breaking strength of equine third metacarpal bones"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 55, Issue 9, Page 1327-1330
Robb JL, Cook JL, Carson W:
"In vitro evaluation of screws and suture anchors in metaphyseal bone of the canine tibia"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 34, Issue 5, Page 499-508
Clary EM, Roe SC:
"In vitro biomechanical and histological assessment of pilot hole diameter for positive-profile external skeletal fixation pins in canine tibiae"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 25, Issue 6, Page 453-462
Halling KB, Lewis DD, Jones RW, Hill RC, Anderson GM:
"Use of circular external skeletal fixator constructs to stabilize tarsometarsal arthrodeses in three dogs"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 17, Issue 4, Page 204-209
Lescun TB, McClure SR, Ward MP, Downs C, Wilson DA, Adams SB, Hawkins JF, Reinertson EL:
"Evaluation of transfixation casting for treatment of third metacarpal, third metatarsal, and phalangeal fractures in horses: 37 cases (1994-2004)"
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Volume 230, Number 9, Page 1340-1349
McClure SR, Hillberry BM, Fisher KE:
"In vitro comparison of metaphyseal and diaphyseal placement of centrally threaded, positive-profile transfixation pins in the equine third metacarpal bone"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 61, Number 10, Page 1304-1308
Rochat MC, DiGesualdo CL, Hoover JP:
"Repair of a tibiotarsal varus malunion in a bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) using a type 1a hybrid external skeletal fixator"
Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. Volume 19, Issue 2, Page 121-129
Collins KE, Lewis DD, Lanz OL, Newell SM:
"Use of a circular external skeletal fixator for stifle arthrodesis in a dog"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 41, Issue 7, Page 312-315
Hancock R, Cook JL, Tomlinson JL:
"Distraction osteogenesis for treatment of premature physeal closure and shortening of the third and fourth metatarsals of a dog"
Journal of American Animal Hospital Association. Volume 39, 2003, Page 97-103
Lescun TB, McClure SR:
"Transfixation casting for the treatment of distal limb fractures in the horse; 27 cases"
In: 2004 Proceedings of the ACVS Veterinary Symposium
McClure SR, Watkins JP, Glickman NW, Hawkins JF, Glickman LT:
"Complete fractures of the third metacarpal or metatarsal bone in horses: 25 cases (1980-1996)"
Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association. Volume 213, Issue 6, Page 847-850
Sequin B, Harari J, Wood RD, Tillson DM:
"Bone fracture and sequestration as complications of external skeletal fixation"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 38, Issue 2, Page 81-84
Cook JL, Tomlinson JL, Arnoczky SP, Fox DB, Cook CR, Kreeger JM:
"Kinetic study of the replacement of porcine small intestinal submucosa grafts and the regeneration of meniscal-like tissue in large avascular meniscal defects in dogs"
Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Volume 7, Number 3, Page 321-334
Hyldahl C, Pearson S, Tepic S, Perren SM:
"Induction and prevention of pin loosening in External Fixation"
Journal of Orthopaedic Research. Volume 17, Issue 6, Page 947-952
Lescun TB, Morriset S, Fugaro MN, Blevins WE:
"Facilitated ankylosis of the distal interphalangeal joint in a foal"
Australian Veterinary Journal. Volume 82, Issue 5, Page 282-285
McClure SR, Watkins JP, Hogan HA:
"In vitro evaluation of four methods of attaching transfixation pins into a fiberglass cast for use in horses"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 57, Issue 7, Page 1098-1101
Spranklin D, Elder S, Boyle C, McLaughlin R:
"Comparison of a suture anchor and a toggle rod for use in toggle pin fixation of coxofemoral luxations"
Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. Volume 42, April 2006, Page 121-126
Cook WT, Smith MM, Markel MD, Grant JW:
"Influence of an interdental full pin on stability of an acrylic external fixator for rostral mandibular fractures in dogs"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 62, Number 4, Page 576-580
Jaeger GH, Wosar MA, Marcellin-Little DJ, Lascelles BD:
"Use of hinged transarticular external fixation for adjunctive joint stabilization in dogs and cats: 14 cases (1999-2003)"
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Volume 227, Number 4, Page 586-591
Lescun TB, Zacharias JR, Moore GE:
"Assessment of two hydroxyapatite pin coatings by comparison of their pin insertion characteristics in cadaveric equine third metacarpal bone"
In proceedings: 16th annual scientific meeting, European College of Veterinary Surgeons 2007. Page 250
McDonald DE, Palmer RH, Hulse DA, Neigut JS, Hyman WA, Slater MR:
"Holding power of threaded external skeletal fixation pins in the near and far cortices of cadaveric canine tibiae"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 23, Issue 6, Page 488-493
Stallings JT, Lewis DD, Welch RD, Samchukov ML, Marcillin-Little DJ:
"An introduction to distraction osteogenesis and the principles of the Ilizarov method"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 11, Page 59-67
Cross AR, Lewis DD, Murphy ST, Rigaud S, Madison JB, Kehoe MM, Rapoff AJ:
"Effect of ring diameter and wire tension on the axial biomechanics of four ring circular external skeletal fixator constructs"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 62, Issue 7, Page 1025-1030
Jehn CT, Lewis DD, Farese JP, Ferrell EA, Conley WG, Ehrhart N:
"Tranverse ulnar bone transport osteogenesis: a new technique for limb salvage for the treatment of distal radial osteosarcoma in dogs"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 36, Issue 4, Page 324-334
Lescun TB:
"Update on transfixation casting in horses"
In: Proceedings of the ACVS Veterinary Symposium, Chicago IL, 2007. Page 136 - 138
McKee WM, Reynolds J:
"Ulnocarpal arthrodesis and limb lengthening for the management of radial agenesis in a dog"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 48, Issue 10, Page 591-595
Toews AR, Bailey JV, Townsend HG, Barber SM:
"Effect of feed rate and drill speed on temperatures in equine cortical bone"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 60, Issue 8, Page 942-944
Aron DN, Foutz TL, Keller WB:
"Experimental and clinical experience with an IM pin external skeletal fixator tie-in configuration"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 4, Issue 86, Page 86-94
Cross AR, Lewis DD, Rigaud S, Mackinzie GB, Rapoff AJ:
"Effects of wire tension on the biomechanics of asymmetric four-ring circular external skeletal fixator constructs"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 15, Issue 1, Page 44-50
Jerram RM, Walker AM, Sutherland-Smith J, Warman CGA, Lewis DD:
"Treatment of pedal shortening in a dog by metatarsal distraction osteogenesis"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 46, Issue 4, Page 191-195
Johnson AL, Schaeffer DJ:
"Evolution of the treatment of canine radial and tibial fractures with external fixators"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 21, Issue 3, Page 256-261
Lewis DD, Bloomberg MS:
"External skeletal fixation"
Waltham Focus. Volume 4, Page 9-18

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