Reference Articles

Preston CA, Schulz KS, Taylor KT, Kass PH, Hagan CE, Stover SM:
"In vitro experimental study of the effect of radial shortening and ulnar ostectomy on contact patterns in the elbow joint of dogs"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 62, Issue 10, Page 1548-1556
Welch RD, Lewis DD:
"Distraction osteogenesis"
In: Fracture Management and Bone Healing. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice. Volume 29, Issue 5, Page 1187-1205
Barno EA, Lescun TB, Zacharias JR, Moore GE:
"Effect of pilot hole drilling on bone temperature and final drilling accuracy during creation of a 6.2 mm hole in equine cadaveric cannon bone"
Proceedings of the 34th Annual Veterinary Orthopedic Society Conference. Volume 34, 2007, Page 58
Farese JP, Lewis DD, Cross AR, Collins KR, Anderson GM, Halling KB:
"Use of IMEX™ SK-circular external fixator hybrid constructs for fracture stabilization in dogs and cats"
Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. Volume 38, Page 279-289
Kirkby KA, Lewis DD, Lafuente P, Radasch RM, Fitzpatrick N, Farese JP, Wheeler JL:
"Management of humeral and femoral fractures in dogs and cats with linear-circular hybrid external skeletal fixators"
Journal of American Animal Hospital Association. Volume 44, Page 180-197
Lewis DD, Cross AR, Carmichael S, Anderson MA:
"Recent advances in external skeletal fixation"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 42, Issue 3, Page 103-112
Puchol JL, Herran R, Durall I, Lopez J, Diaz-Betrana C:
"Use of distraction osteogenesis for the correction of diviated nasal septum and premaxilla in a horse"
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Volume 224, Issue 7, Page 1147-1150
Wheeler JL, Lewis DD, Cross AR, Sereda CW:
"Closed fluoroscopic-assisted spinal arch external skeletal fixation for the stabilization of vertebral column injuries in five dogs"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 36, Issue 5, Page 442-448
Basinger RR, Suber JT:
"Two techniques for supplementing Interlocking Nail repair of fractures of the humerus, femur and tibia: results in 12 dogs and cats"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 33, Issue 6, Pages 673-680
Farrell M, Draffan D, Gemmill T, Mellor D, Carmichael S:
"In vitro validation of a technique for assessment of canine and feline elbow joint collateral ligament integrity and description of a new method for collateral ligament prosthetic replacement"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 36, Issue 6, Page 548-556
Koehler CL, Stover SM, LeCouteur RA, Schulz KS, Hawkins DA:
"Effect of a ventral slot procedure and of smooth or positive-profile threaded pins with polymethylmethacrylate fixation on intervertebral biomechanics at treated and adjacent canine cervical vertebral motion units"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 66, Number 4, Page 678-687
Lewis DD, Radasch RM, Beale BS, et al:
"Initial clinical experience with the IMEX™ circular external skeletal fixation system. Part I: Use in fractures or arthrodeses"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 12, Page 108-117
Radasch RM, Lewis DD, McDonald D:
"Pes varus correction in Dachshunds using a hybrid external fixator"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 37, Issue 1, Page 71-81
White DT, Bronson DG, Welch RD:
"A mechanical comparison of veterinary linear external fixation systems"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 32, Issue 6, Page 507-514
Beale BS:
"Suture Anchors: A Practical Approach to Stabilizing Joints"
Clinician's Brief. Volume 4, Number 6, 2006, Pages 53-57
Fitzpatrick N, Cross AR, Lewis DD:
"A biomechanical comparison of external skeletal fixation and plating for the stabilization of ilial osteotomies in dogs"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 21, Issue 4, Page 349-357
Kudnig ST, Fitch RB:
"Trans-ilial and trans-sacral brace fixation of sacral fractures and sacro-iliac luxations (seven cases)"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 66, Number 4, Page 678-687
Lewis DD, Radasch RM, Beale BS, et al:
"Initial clinical experience with the IMEX™ circular external skeletal fixation system. Part II: Use in bone lengthening and correction of angular and rotational deformities"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 12, Page 118-127
Radke H, Aron DN, Applewhite A, Zhang G:
"Biomechanical analysis of unilateral external skeletal fixators combined with IM pin and without IM pin using finite element method"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 35, Issue 1, Page 15-23
Wosar MA., Marcellin-Little DJ, Roe SC:
"Influence of bolt tightening torque, wire size, and component reuse on wire fixation in circular external fixation"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 31, Issue 6, Page 571-576
Benson JA., Boudrieau RJ:
"Severe carpal and tarsal shearing injuries treated with an immediate arthrodesis in seven dogs"
Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. Volume 38, July/August, Page 370-380
Gilley RS, Bourgeault CA, Wallace LJ, Bechtold JE:
"A comparative mechanical study of 3 external fixator clamps"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 30, Issue 4, Page 341-350
Lauer S, Hosgood G, Ramirez S, Lopez M:
"In vivo comparison of two hinged transarticular external skeletal fixators for multiple ligamentous injuries of the canine stifle"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 21, Issue, 1, Page 25-35
Lewis DD, Bronson DG, Welch RD:
"Effect of individual components on the axial stiffness of single ring IMEX™ circular external skeletal fixation system constructs"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 10, Page 80
Rahal SC, Volpi RS, Renata CB, Vulcano LC:
"Use of the Llizarov method of distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of radial hemimelia in a dog"
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. Volume 226, Number 1, Page 65-68
Zacharias JR, Lescun TB, Moore GE, Van Sickle DC:
"Comparison of Insertion Characteristics of Two Types of Hydroxyapatite Coated and Uncoated Positive Profile Transfixation Pins in the Third Metacarpal Bone of Horses"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 68, Number 11, Page 1160-1166
Biliouris TL, Schneider E, Rahn B, Gasser B, Perren S
"The effect of radial preload on the implant-bone interface: A cadaveric study"
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma. Volume 3, Issue 4, Page 323-332
Goett SG, Basinger RR, et al:
"Mechanical evaluation of an interlocking nail locked with conventional bolts or extended bolts connected with a type IA external skeletal fixator in a tibial fracture model"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 36, Issue 3, Page 279-286
Lauer SK, Aron DN, Evans MD:
"Finite element method evaluation: articulations and diagonals in an 8-pin type I-b fixator"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 29, Issue 1, Page 28-37
Lotsikas PJ, Radasch RM:
"A clinical evaluation of pancarpal arthrodesis in nine dogs using circular external skeletal fixation"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 35, Issue 5, Page 480-485
Reaugh HF, Rochat MC, Bruce CW, Galloway DS, Payton ME:
"Stiffness of modified type 1a linear external skeletal fixators"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 20, Issue 4, Page 264-268
Zaruby JF, Hurtig MB, Finlay JB, Valliant AE:
"Studies on the external fixator pin-bone interface: The effect of the pin design and pin colling in an in vivo sheep tibia model"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 8, Page 20-31
Bronson DG, Ross JD, Toombs JP, Welch RD:
"Influence of the connecting rod on the biomechanical properties of five external skeletal fixation configurations"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 16, 2003, Page 82-87
Guerin SR, Lewis DD, Lanz OI, Stallings JT:
"Comminuted supracondylar humeral fractures repaired with a modified type I external skeletal fixator construct"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 39, Issue 11, Page 525-532
Laverty PH, Johnson AJ, Toombs JP, Schaeffer DJ:
"Simple and multiple fractures of the radius treated with an external fixator. Comparison of healing of simple and multiple fractures of the radius treated with external skeletal fixation in dogs: 56 cases (1983-1999)"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 15, 2002, Page 97-103
Marcellin-Little DJ, Roe SC, Rovesti GL, Bosio A, Ferretti A:
"Are circular external fixators weakened by the use of hemispheric washers?"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 31, Issue 4, Page 367-374
Reems M, Pluhar E, Wheeler D:
"Ex vivo comparison of one versus two distal screws in 8mm model 11 interlocking nails used to stabilize canine distal femoral fractures"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 35, Number 2, Page 161-167
Clarke SP, Carmichael S:
"Treatment of distal diaphyseal fractures using hybrid external skeletal fixation in three dogs"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 47, Issue 2, Page 98-103
Halling KB, Lewis DD, Cross AR, Sammy RJ, Rapoff AJ:
"Biomechanical comparison of a circular external skeletal fixator construct to pin and tension band wire fixation for the stabilization of olecranon osteotomies in dogs: a cadaver study"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 32, Issue 4, Page 324-335
Leasure CS, Lewis DD, Sereda CW, Mattern KL, Jehn CT, Wheeler JL:
"Limited open reduction and stabilization of sacroiliac fracture-luxations using fluoroscopically assisted placement of a trans-iliosacral rod in five dogs"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 36, Issue 7, Page 633-643
McCartney WT, Carmichael S:
"Talar neck fractures in five cats"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 41, Issue 5, Page 204-206
McClure S, Watkins JP, Ashman RB:
"In vitro comparison of the effect of parallel and divergent transfixation pins on breaking strength of equine third metacarpal bones"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 55, Issue 9, Page 1327-1330
Robb JL, Cook JL, Carson W:
"In vitro evaluation of screws and suture anchors in metaphyseal bone of the canine tibia"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 34, Issue 5, Page 499-508
Clary EM, Roe SC:
"In vitro biomechanical and histological assessment of pilot hole diameter for positive-profile external skeletal fixation pins in canine tibiae"
Veterinary Surgery. Volume 25, Issue 6, Page 453-462
Halling KB, Lewis DD, Jones RW, Hill RC, Anderson GM:
"Use of circular external skeletal fixator constructs to stabilize tarsometarsal arthrodeses in three dogs"
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Volume 17, Issue 4, Page 204-209
Lescun TB, Barno EA, Zacharias JR, Moore GE:
"Effect of sequential hole enlargement on cortical bone temperature during creation of a 6.2-mm transcortical hole in the equine third metacarpal bone diaphysis"
In: Proceedings of the 34th Annual Veterinary Orthopedic Society Conference 2007. Page 13
McClure SR, Hillberry BM, Fisher KE:
"In vitro comparison of metaphyseal and diaphyseal placement of centrally threaded, positive-profile transfixation pins in the equine third metacarpal bone"
American Journal of Veterinary Research. Volume 61, Number 10, Page 1304-1308
Rochat MC, DiGesualdo CL, Hoover JP:
"Repair of a tibiotarsal varus malunion in a bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) using a type 1a hybrid external skeletal fixator"
Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. Volume 19, Issue 2, Page 121-129
Collins KE, Lewis DD, Lanz OL, Newell SM:
"Use of a circular external skeletal fixator for stifle arthrodesis in a dog"
Journal of Small Animal Practice. Volume 41, Issue 7, Page 312-315
Hancock R, Cook JL, Tomlinson JL:
"Distraction osteogenesis for treatment of premature physeal closure and shortening of the third and fourth metatarsals of a dog"
Journal of American Animal Hospital Association. Volume 39, 2003, Page 97-103

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